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Kamis, 05 Januari 2012

Hercule Poirot

  • Age: Unknown at death
  • Born: Belgium
  • Died: Styles Court, Essex, England
  • Marital status: Never married
  • Occupation: Private Detective
  • Telephone: Trafalgar 8137
  • Valet: George
  • Residence: 28 Whitehaven Mansions, London
  • Secretary: Felicity Lemon
  • Best partners:Captain Arthur Hastings
  • Lawyers: McNeil and Hodgson

Dia berdiri 5 kaki, tinggi 4 inci , memiliki mata hijau, dan kepala berbentuk telur (yang ia bertengger ke satu sisi). Dia memiliki rambut terhitam (dia dikenal untuk menggunakan pewarna rambut), dan kumis hitam wax nya adalah bentuk ciri kesempurnaannya. Temannya Hastings menulis bahwa Poirot pincang ketika ia berjalan. Dia selalu memakai sepatu kulit dan selalu berpakaian rapi dengan pakaian terbaik.

Ya namanya Poirot,Hercule poirot,menurut sang pencipta tokoh itu,Agatha Christie,Namanya berasal dari dua detektif fiktif lainnya pada waktu itu: Marie Belloc Lowndes 'Hercule Popeau dan Frank Howel Evans.

Dia berlaku layaknya seperti orang Inggris dan humoris. Namun, Poirot memiliki perintah yang sangat baik dari bahasa Inggris dan kadang-kadang menggunakan "keterasingan" nya di negeri orang sebagai keuntungan. Dia memiliki ego besar, dan selalu mengambil begitu saja bahwa semua orang mengakui namanya. Dia tidak mengambil hanya ada kasus yang datang, bagaimanapun, dan ia bebas mengakui bahwa dia menyukai uang. Dia bahkan memiliki sopir, seorang pria muda yang memperoleh "gaji besar", yang mengendarai Poirot Messarro Gratz, sebuah mobil mewah yang besar dan mahal.

Poirot baik dan sopan kepada mereka yang bukan penjahat, dan sangat bersimpati kepada wanita muda (ketika berbicara dengan mereka, ia menyebut diri sebagai "Papa Poirot"). Poirot dikenal juga tidak sabar, berpendirian, dan blak-blakan dengan orang lain.

Detektif Belgia ini sangat senang menyatakan alat terbesar untuk memecahkan suatu kasus kejahatan adalah process of think, berkat "sel abu-abu kecil". Dia lebih suka duduk tenang dan berpikir ketika ia memecahkan kejahatan, karena ia percaya semua kejahatan yang psikologis dan memiliki petunjuk bukanlah segalanya. Meskipun keyakinannya adalah kejahatan yang tidak diselesaikan pada bukti saja, dia tidak di atas mengintip ke dalam hal-hal pribadi orang lain (banyak yang kecewa temannya Hastings): ia telah dikenal untuk mendengarkan di pintu, bersembunyi di balik tirai, dan bahkan mencari-cari dan membongkar bukti dalam laci pakaian perempuan brow.

Hercule Poirot adalah ciptaan Agatha Christie terbesar, banyak yang mengatakan. Salah satu detektif yang paling terkenal dalam fiksi semua, ia diciptakan pada 1916 (ketika Agatha Christie menulis novel pertama Affair Misterius di Styles). Detektif Belgia muncul dalam 33 novel dan 65 cerita pendek dan merupakan satu-satunya karakter fiksi harus dihormati dengan obituari halaman depan The New York Times.

Poirot awalnya diceritakan adalah mantan polisi Belgia yang kemudian pensiun dari dunia kepolisian dan memilih menetap di Inggris.Disana,dia tinggal seorang diri,dan membujang seumur hidupnya.Meski pernah suatu saat dalam novelnya dia pernah tertarik pada seorang wanita yang bernama Countess Vera Rosakoff yang ternyata seorang pencuri permata besar.Dan dari sanalah dia agak sedikit terganggu psikologinya karena kejadian tersebut.

Dia tidak memiliki gangguan untuk berbicara,namun menyukai ketertiban. Dia menyukai hal-hal secara tertib dan rapi(misalnya, buku disusun di rak sesuai menurut ketinggiannya) dan menyetujui bentuk yang simetris di mana-mana (tinggal Mansions Whitehaven diambil karena simetri nya). Dia membenci rumah berdebu dan kotoran dimana-mana,dan menikmati dalam ruangan daripada diluar ruangan(pemanas sentral terutama di musim dingin).

Poirot juga mempunyai nilai-nilai metode tersendiri yang memberikan andil terbesar atau alat dalam memecahkan kejahatan menggunakan "sel-sel abu-abu" dari otaknya. Dia mengejek metode seperti melacak jejak kaki, mengumpulkan abu rokok, mencari petunjuk dengan kaca pembesar, atau mengambil sidik jari,bahkan mengejek anjing pelacak polisi. Dia mengatakan kejahatan apapun dapat diselesaikan dengan hanya menempatkan potongan teka-teki dengan benar. Dia adalah seorang detektif kursi - ia harus hanya "duduk diam di kursi dan berpikir".


Seri novel Poirot dan Filmnya

Tak bisa dipungkiri,Poirot sangat lah tenar pada zamanya,saya pun tau buku novel terjemahannya sewaktu saya duduk dibangku SMA,dan saya pinjam dari perpustakaan Daerah saya.yang saya tau dan pernah baca adalah Murder on the Links (1923),Black Coffee (1998), adaptation of play by same name),Elephants Can Remember (1972),Double Sin and stories(1961),The Mystery of the Blue Train (1928) dan lainnya.

Poirot pernah difilmkan dengan diperankan oleh aktor kawakan inggris yang bernama Charles Laughton difilm The West End tahun 1928,lalu Austin trevord di ALibi (1931),Peter Ustinov di film Death on the Nile (1978),Evil Under the Sun (1982) dan Appointment with Death (1988).dan yang terbaik tentu saja David Suchet yang sukses memerani Poirot dan mendalami perannya di serial poirot sejak tahun 1989 hingga 2012 ini di ITV.

Kematiannya

Agatha cristie menulis bahwa Poirot meninggal dari komplikasi dari kondisi jantung pada akhir Curtain: Poirot's Last Case. Dia sengaja memindahkan pil amyl nitrit nya jauh dari jangkauannya, mungkin karena rasa bersalah. Dia dipaksa untuk menjadi pembunuh dalam Tirai, meskipun itu untuk kepentingan orang lain. Poirot sendiri mencatat bahwa dia ingin membunuh korbannya tak lama sebelum kematiannya sendiri sehingga dia bisa menghindari menyerah pada arogansi si pembunuh: melihat dirinya sebagai berhak untuk membunuh orang-orang yang dianggap perlu untuk menghilangkan.

Pembunuh nya sedang berburu tidak pernah tegas membunuh siapa pun, tapi halus danpenuh perhitungan, ia telah memanipulasi orang lain untuk membunuh baginya. Termasuk Poirot dengan demikian dipaksa untuk membunuh orang itu sendiri karena kalau tidak dia akan melanjutkan aksinya dan tidak pernah secara resmi dihukum. Hal ini terungkap pada akhir Tirai bahwa ia palsu kebutuhannya untuk kursi roda sehingga untuk membodohi orang untuk percaya bahwa ia menderita radang sendi, untuk memberikan kesan bahwa dia lebih lemah daripada dia. Kata-kata terakhirnya yang tercatat adalah "Cher ami!", Berbicara kepada Hastings sebagai Kapten meninggalkan kamarnya. Poirot dimakamkan di Styles, dan pemakamannya diatur oleh sahabatnya Hastings dan putrinya Hasting, Judith. Hastings beralasan, "Ini adalah tempat di mana dia tinggal ketika ia pertama kali datang ke negeri ini Dia berbaring di sini pada akhirnya.."

Sementara kematian aktual Poirot dan pemakaman terjadi di "Tirai", tahun setelah pensiun dari investigasi aktif,ternyata itu bukan kali pertama Hastings menghadiri pemakaman sahabatnya. Dalam "The Big Four" (1927) Poirot membuat dirinya pura-pura kematian dan pemakaman selanjutnya dalam rangka untuk meluncurkan serangan kejutan di novel " Big Four".

Komentar Sebagai Pembaca

Tentu kita gak bisa mandang sebelah mata pada karya novel Agatha Christie satu ini,selain gaya bahasanya yang khas,Agatha punya ciri khas detektifnya adalah plot yang sangat rumit namun menarik untuk diikuti.kejadian demi kejadian tiap halaman begitu membuat penasaran.Terkadang cara dia menyelesaikan kasus jauh dari cara2 konvensional seperti detektif lainnya seperti Sherlock Holmes atau juga detective Conan.Yups,semua karya punya ciri khas,tergantung kita yang mengapresiasinya.Kalo penasaran silahkan baca aja ke Home pagenya aja.

Sumber:Wikipedia dan Poirot Homepage

~The End~

Rabu, 21 Desember 2011

A poem For Mother

Puisi Untuk Ibu

ibu google

Ibu...

Langkah demi langkah kehidupan kau tempuh

Sepanjang jalan berkerikil tajam

Terkadang bercampur debu jalanan

Tetesan keringat mengucur deras

tetesan airmata menguras

Namun engkau tetap sabar

Ibu....

Kasih sayangmu tiada terbilang

meski menghitung bintang diangkasa

meski diganti permata disamudra

meski memeluk gunung himalaya

kasih sayangmu tiada tara

bagai mata air jiwa

bagi setiap jiwa yang dahaga

Ibu....

Senyummu menghapus duka

tawamu melipur lara

pelukanmu cairkan suasana

candamu merajut tawa

kata-katamu adalah mutiara

nasihatmu adalah kunci surga

Dengan apa ku membalas jasa?

sungguh,ku tak mampu membalasnya

By:Randy Oktari

For My Beloved Mom


Jumat, 15 April 2011

Appreciate Narrative prose

According to Webster's Online Dictionary, narrative is defined as "something that is narrated : STORY." Examples of narratives can include stories such as: fairy tales, fables, short stories, fantasy,legend, mystery, science fiction, biographies and autobiographies to name a few. All stories have a beginning, a middle and an end.

There are other parts of stories that children should learn to identify, such as: characters, settings, themes, a problem or conflict, a sequence of events and a resolution(comprehension instruction). I am sure if you think of all the fairy tales you know you can identify each of these parts. The important thing about this is you can learn to predict what could happen as you learn the structure.


Narrative prose or storytelling involves both reading and writing, but it is often forgotten that neither of these are necessary for storytelling. Since ancient times, pictures and oral renditions of stories have been used to tell stories. (Wikipedia Storytelling)

Vitz (1990) claims that narratives are a function in a person’s moral development. Vitz goes on to back this claim with the thoughts of several other psychologists. Some moral issues than can be addressed through narrative include empathy, caring and commitment, and personal character. Vitz (1990) feels moral education effects aspects in education and the society at large.

Bruner according to Vitz (1990), feels narrative thinking comes from actual and interrelated situations that show the validity of their moral thinking. Narratives tell about, the actions, intentions, outcomes, and personal experiences of people. Sarbin, a social psychologist, feels narratives explains the reasons behind human behavior (Vitz, 1990) Sarbin, according to Vitz (1990), believes our moral choices are developed by our internal self-narratives. Cole, according to Vitz (1990), think children understand their moral behavior through a narrative context and their moral behavior is deeply affected by narrative experience.

Vitz (1990) concludes narratives should be used to model the principles and general actions of moralities. Vitz (1990) acknowledge there will always be different views on what morality, but tolerating other views may eventually allow psychology to reach the ultimate form of moral knowledge: wisdom.

I.How To Read Narrative Prose ?

When you read a Narrative Prose ,you should observe three important rules :
  1. Read the passage carefully so that you really understand it without worrying over the meaning of a few difficult words.
  2. While reading the passage,pay close attention to the sequence of events described or to the stages which lead up to the main event
  3. See if the writer gives reasons why the event or events described occured
II.Finding The Meaning

When You have Read a Narrative-prose passage carefully,you should be in a position to write down what you think it means.As in poetry,you should give a general meaning,a detailed meaning,and be able to define the intentions of the writer.
1.General Meaning.This should be based on a reading of the whole passage.You should outline the main event described in a single sentence

2.Detailed Meaning,You should not write a precis of the passage.On the other hand, you account must be accurate and you must not omit essential information.The best way to tackle the detailed meaning is to divide the passage up into what you consider to be its main stages,and then to give a brief account of each stage in a single paragraph.What you have in effect to do is to recount the essential parts of the story in your own words

3.Intention,A great deal of narrative often does much more than just "tell a story".Sometimes there is a deeper meaning behind the story

III.Kind Of narrative Prose :

~FAIRY TALE'S~

Fairy Tale, is a type of short narrative that typically features such folkloric characters, such as fairies, goblins, elves, trolls, dwarves, giants or gnomes, and usually magic or enchantments. However, only a small number of the stories thus designated explicitly refer to fairies. The stories may nonetheless be distinguished from other folk narratives such as legends (which generally involve belief in the veracity of the events described) and explicitly moral tales, including beast fables.examples:Snow white and seven dwarfs,the light princess,The Golden Keys,Beauty and the Beast etc


~FABLE'S~

Fable is a succinct story, in prose or verse, that features animals, mythical creatures, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature which are anthropomorphized (given human qualities), and that illustrates a moral lesson (a "moral"), which may at the end be expressed explicitly in a pithy maxim.A fable differs from a parable in that the latter excludes animals, plants, inanimate objects, and forces of nature as actors that assume speech and other powers of humankind.Usage has not always been so clearly distinguished. In the King James Version of the New Testament, "μύθος" ("mythos") was rendered by the translators as "fable" in First and Second Timothy, in Titus and in First Peter.examples : George Orwell Animal Farm,The Ant and the Cicade,The Deer and The Crocs,etc

~SHORT STORIES~

A Short Story is a work of fiction that is usually written in prose, often in narrative format. This format tends to be more pointed than longer works of fiction, such as novellas (in the 20th and 21st century sense) and novels. Short story definitions based upon length differ somewhat even among professional writers, somewhat in part because of the fragmentation of the medium into genres. Since the short story format includes a wide range of genres and styles, the actual length is determined by the individual author's preference (or the story's actual needs in terms of creative trajectory or story arc) and the submission guidelines relevant to the story's actual market. Guidelines vary greatly among publishers.

Short stories have their face in oral story-telling traditions and the prose anecdote, a swiftly sketched situation that quickly comes to its point. With the rise of the comparatively realistic novel, the short story evolved as a miniature version, with some of its first perfectly independent examples in the tales of E.T.A. Hoffmann. Other 19th-century writers well known for their short stories include Nikolai Gogol, Guy de Maupassant, and Bolesław Prus. Some authors are known almost entirely for their short stories, either by choice (they wrote nothing else) or by critical regard (short-story writing is thought of as a challenging art). An example is Jorge Luis Borges, who won American fame with "The Garden of Forking Paths", published in the August 1948 Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine. Another example is O. Henry (author of "Gift of the Magi"), for whom the O. Henry Award is named. American examples include Flannery O'Connor, John Cheever, and Raymond Carver.

Authors such as Charles Dickens, Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., Nathaniel Hawthorne, Virginia Woolf, Bolesław Prus, Rudyard Kipling, William Faulkner, F. Scott Fitzgerald, James Joyce, P.G. Wodehouse, H.P. Lovecraft and Ernest Hemingway were highly accomplished writers of both short stories and novels.

~FANTASY~

Fantasy is a genre of fiction that uses magic and other supernatural phenomena as a primary element of plot, theme, or setting. Many works within the genre take place in fictional worlds where magic is common. Fantasy is generally distinguished from science fiction and horror by the expectation that it steers clear of (pseudo-)scientific and macabre themes, respectively, though there is a great deal of overlap between the three (which are subgenres of speculative fiction).

In popular culture, the genre of fantasy is dominated by its medievalist form, especially since the worldwide success of The Lord of the Rings books by J. R. R. Tolkien. In its broadest sense however, fantasy comprises works by many writers, artists, filmmakers, and musicians, from ancient myths and legends to many recent works embraced by a wide audience today.

Fantasy is a vibrant area of academic study in a number of disciplines (English, cultural studies, comparative literature, history, medieval studies). Work in this area ranges widely, from the structuralist theory of Tzvetan Todorov, which emphasizes the fantastic as a liminal space, to work on the connections (political, historical, literary) between medievalism and popular culture.



~MYSTERY~

Mystery fiction is a loosely-defined term that is often used as a synonym for detective fiction or crime fiction— in other words a Italic textnovel or short story in which a detective (either professional or amateur) investigates and solves a crime. Sometimes mystery books are nonfiction. The term "mystery fiction" may sometimes be limited to the subset of detective stories in which the emphasis is on the puzzle element and its logical solution (cf. whodunit), as a contrast to hardboiled detective stories, which focus on action and gritty realism. However, in more general usage "mystery" may be used to describe any form of crime scene fiction, even if there is no mystery to be solved.

Although normally associated with the crime genre, the term "mystery fiction" may in certain situations refer to a completely different genre, where the focus is on supernatural mystery (even if no crime is involved). This usage was common in the pulp magazines of the 1930s and 1940s, where titles such as Dime Mystery, Thrilling Mystery and Spicy Mystery offered what at the time were described as "weird menace" stories – supernatural horror in the vein of Grand Guignol. This contrasted with parallel titles of the same names which contained conventional hardboiled crime fiction. The first use of "mystery" in this sense was by Dime Mystery, which started out as an ordinary crime fiction magazine but switched to "weird menace" during the latter part of 1933.

~LEGEND'S~

A legend (Latin, legenda, "things to be read") is a narrative of human actions that are perceived both by teller and listeners to take place within human history and to possess certain qualities that give the tale verisimilitude. Legend, for its active and passive participants includes no happenings that are outside the realm of "possibility", defined by a highly flexible set of parameters, which may include miracles that are perceived as actually having happened, within the specific tradition of indoctrination where the legend arises, and within which it may be transformed over time, in order to keep it fresh and vital, and realistic.

The word "legend" appeared in the English language circa 1340, transmitted from mediaeval Latin language through French. Its blurred extended (and essentially Protestant) sense of a non-historical narrative or myth was first recorded in 1613. By emphasizing the unrealistic character of "legends" of the saints, English-speaking Protestants were able to introduce a note of contrast to the "real" saints and martyrs of the Reformation, whose authentic narratives, they were sure, could be found in Foxe's Book of Martyrs. Thus "legend" gained its modern connotations of "undocumented" and "spurious". Before the invention of the printing press, stories were passed on via oral tradition. Storytellers learned their stock in trade: their stories, typically received from an older storyteller, who might, though more likely not, have claimed to have actually known a witness, rendered the narrative as "history". Legend is distinguished from the genre of chronicle by the fact that legends apply structures that reveal a moral definition to events, providing meaning that lifts them above the repetitions and constraints of average human lives and giving them a universality that makes them worth repeating through many generations. In German-speaking and northern European countries, "legend", which involves Christian origins, is distinguished from "Saga", being from any other (usually, but not necessarily older) origin.

~SCIENCE FICTION'S~

Science fiction is a genre of fiction dealing with the impact of imagined innovations in science or technology, often in a futuristic setting. Exploring the consequences of such innovations is the traditional purpose of science fiction, making it a "literature of ideas".Science fiction is largely based on writing rationally about alternative possibilities. It is similar to, but differs from fantasy in that, within the context of the story, its imaginary elements are largely possible within scientifically established or scientifically postulated laws of nature (though some elements in a story might still be pure imaginative speculation).

The settings for science fiction are often contrary to known reality but the majority of science fiction relies on a considerable degree of suspension of disbelief, which is facilitated in the reader's mind by potential scientific explanations or solutions to various fictional elements. These may include:
  • A setting in the future, in alternative timelines, or in an historical past that contradicts known facts of history or the archaeological record
  • A setting in outer space, on other worlds, or involving aliens 
  • Stories that involve technology or scientific principles that contradict known laws of natures
  • Stories that involve discovery or application of new scientific principles, such as time travel or psionics, or new technology, such as nanotechnology, faster-than-light travel or robots, or of new and different political or social systems (e.g., a dystopia, or a situation where organized society has collapsed)
    ~BIOGRAPHY~

    A biography is a detailed description or account of someone's life. A biography is more than a list of impersonal facts (education, work, relationships, and death), it also portrays the subject's experience of those events. Unlike a profile or curriculum vitae (résumé), a biography presents the subject's story, highlighting various aspects of his or her life, including intimate details of experiences, and may include an analysis of the subject's personality.An autobiography is written by the subject himself.

    A work is biographical if it covers all of a person's life. As such, biographical works are usually non-fiction, but fiction can also be used to portray a person's life. One in-depth form of biographical coverage is called legacy writing. Together, all biographical works form the genre known as biography, in literature, film, and other forms of media.The Early Middle Ages (AD 400 to 1450) saw a decline in awareness of classical culture in Europe. During this time, the only repositories of knowledge and records of early history in Europe was the Roman Catholic Church. Hermits, monks and priests used this historic period to write the first modern biographies. Their subjects were usually restricted to church fathers, martyrs, popes and saints. Their works were meant to be inspirational to people, vehicles for conversion to Christianity. See hagiography. One significant example of biography from this period which does not exactly fit into that mold is the life of Charlemagne as written by his courtier Einhard.


    ~AUTOBIOGRAPHY~

    An autobiography (from the Greek, αὐτός-autos self + βίος-bios life + γράφειν-graphein to write) is a book about the life of a person, written by that person.The word autobiography was first used deprecatingly by William Taylor in 1797 in the English periodical the Monthly Review, when he suggested the word as a hybrid but condemned it as 'pedantic'; but its next recorded use was in its present sense by Robert Southey in 1809.[1] The form of autobiography however goes back to antiquity. Biographers generally rely on a wide variety of documents and viewpoints; an autobiography, however, may be based entirely on the writer's memory. Closely associated with autobiography (and sometimes difficult to precisely distinguish from it) is the form of memoir.

    IV.Structural Devices
    1. Unity.When considering Unity,you should show how a piece of Narrative prose has been put together,but you must take very great care not to repeat yor account of detailed meaning.You should observe how everything that happens in the story contributes to the main event,pointing out anything you consider to be irrelevant.
    2. Contrast,the placing of opposite pictures side by side is very often used to balance a Narrative and keep the reader simultaneously interested in two way things at once.Two situation run parralel until they finally meet;the point at which they meet is often a climax in the story
    3. Descriptions.Its virtually impossible to have without description for its by this means that an author sets his scenes and gives his reader his reader a sense of time and place.At the same tim,in good narrative there is never description for its own sake.It always adds something to the story and directly  or indirectly influences the course of events
    4. Dialogue A writer helps his characters to come alive not only describing thew way they act but by letting us hear them speak effective dialogue enables the reader to feel that he is actually witnessing what is going on

    V.Sense Devices
    Style:When we speak a Writer's style,we mean the way he handles all devices generally.Style is quality that makes one piece of wriiting different from another and is thus one of the most important characteristics of prose.A writer must take very great care to adapt his style of writing to his subject-matter

    Use Of words,Metaphor,Simile.The way an Author handles words not only giveshis style of writing a definite quality but adds colour to his narrative and enables the reader to imagine more readily what is happening

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    Senin, 11 April 2011

    Understanding and Apreciation Of English Prose

    If we talk about prose,we will talk about newspaper,magazine,encyclopedias,films, letters, literature, History, philosophy, biography,and many other form of communication.Prose,is the most typical form of written language, applying ordinary grammatical structure and natural flow of speech rather than rhythmic structure (as in traditional poetry).


    The English word "prose" is derived from the Latin prōsa, which literally translates as "straight-forward." While there are critical debates on the construction of prose, its simplicity and loosely defined structure has led to its adoption for the majority of spoken dialogue, factual discourse as well as topical and fictional writing.(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prose)

    Prose is often articulated in free form writing style.Prose generally lacks the formal structure of meter or rhyme which typical of Poetry;instead it is composed of full sentences,usually divided into paragraphs,and the smaller segments known as meta-paragraphs.Although some works of prose may happen to contain traces of metratical structure or versification,a conscious blend of the two forms of literature is known as a prose poem.Similarly,the poetry with less of the common rules and limitation of verse is known as free verse.

    In the world of artistic writing,prose is the form the most creative writing takes on --in the genres of essay s,articles,short stories,novels and plays.Rather than stanzas and strophes,most prosaic pieces are divided into paragraphs--Sometimes with dialogue,sometimes not.Sometimes ,the stories are true;sometimes ,they purely functionanl.The vast majority of stories,however are ones rooted in an actual event but embellshed for the sake of the story.

    There are five kind of prose ,they are:
    1.Narrative Prose
    2.descriptive prose
    3.Arguementative prose
    4.Expostiory prose
    5.Persuasive prose
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    Source :
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prose
    Yeni Oktarina ,SS.Hand out Prose Appreciation For English study Program.
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